Thursday, January 22, 2009

Urhu Professor Yang Yi He at Hangzhou Normal University


About The Artist
Yang Yi He

Yang Yi He (b.1958) is a renowned erhu performer, educator, and musicologist. He is a professor of the School of Music 音乐学院 at Hangzhou Normal University 杭州师范大学 and professor and Ph.D mentor of the Music College 音乐学院 at Nanjing Arts Institute 南京艺术学院. He is the former Vice-Director of the Music School, and Vice-Chief Editor of the School Journal Music and Performance at the Nanjing Arts Institute. He is also a standing council member of China's Association of Educators, member of China Association of Music and Aesthetics, and council member of Jiangsu Provincial Association of Literature and Art Critics.

His solo erhu recordings include Rivers, Lakes and Water, Traditions and New Style, Famous Pieces of Erhu, Liang Zhu (Love Story of Liang Zhu), and Merry Night. He has published several award winning pieces, including Music of the Huai Countryside (erhu solo) and the orchestra piece Ode to the Snowmountain. (a collaboration with Zhuang Yao in three chapters).

Several of his erhu students have won the First, Second or Third Prizes in performance at national and/or provincial levels, among them Jiang Qian (First Prize of the 1993 Nanjing National Folk Musical Instruments Contest) and Wang Xiaoben (2002 "Yellow Bell" International Chinese Erhu Contest). Many Ph.D. and Master's students who attended Prof. Yang's musicology class are now teaching at various colleges and universities in China.

He has published more than 30 academic papers, translations and critical essays, quite a few of which have been reprinted, and five papers of over 10 thousand words on the aesthetics of music performance, which are included in Documentation of 20th Century Chinese Musical Aesthetics. His paper "on the Basis of Re-Creation in Music Performance: from the Perspective of the Way Musical Pieces Exist" was honored as one of the "International Excellent Essays".

Prof. Yang has published two monographs, Performing Aesthetics of Music and Theory of Musical Performing Aesthetics and Its Applications. Performing Aesthetics of Music, the first monograph on this subject in China, won the First Prize for Monographs of Humanities and Social Sciences of China's Higher Educational Institutions. It is now being used as a textbook or reference book for undergraduates and postgraduates in more than ten music colleges in China, including the Central Conservatory of Music (Beijing). and Tainan Conservatory (Taiwan). The academic journal China's Music Almanac remarks that "Performing Aesthetics of Music" is original and pioneering... It transcends the boundary of the performing aesthetics in the usual sense into the realm of the philosophical and the cultural..." In 1996, Prof. Yang was invited to be a special contributor to China's Music Almanac.

Professor Yang has given series of lectures on Music Performing Arts and Aesthetics in such universities as the Central Conservatory Guangzhou Xinghai Conservatory, Xuzhou Normal University, and Nantong Normal University. He is an active participant in both international and national seminars of musicology. He was nominated and recognized as one of the Outstanding Young Teachers of Jiangsu Higher Educational Institutions in 1996, honored as a Trans-Century Talents" for year 2002 in the "3-3-3 Project" supported by Jiangsu Provincial Educational Foundation. He has been a member and chair of the Discipline of Music, Senior Professional Titles Evaluation Committee of Jiangsu Higher Educational Institutions, and executive member of Jiangsu Provincial Senior Evaluation Committee of Higher Educational Institutions.

In September 2002, on an invitation from the German Broadcasting Corporation, Professor Yang attended "The World's Music Festival", during which he played erhu solo and in duet at the Beethovenhalle, a recital which was recorded. He was the troupe leader of Nanjing Arts Institute's "Saints Chorus", which, led by him, gave a performance tour throughout Taiwan. Again by invitation, on May 10, 2008 he began a cultural exchange and lecture tour in Taiwan and Japan.

In recognition of his prestigious contributions and academic positions, Prof. Yang's biography and achievements have been included in Who's Who in the World, The World's Distinguished Artists and similar publications.

Program

1. Moonlight on the River by A-Bing
2. March to the Light by Liu Tianhua
3. River by Folk Song
4. Ballade in Yubei by Liu Wenjin
5. Happy Herders on the Plain by Liu Changfu
6. Fantasy of Great Wall by Liu Wenjin


See Also . 春江花月夜 二胡乐队

Friday, January 9, 2009

Larry Schedule at Rutgers University

This is Larry's Pharmacy Schedule and Operating Status of Rutgers University with building and map information. Biomedical Engineering may be of interest. Also take a look at Study Beat. Rutgers Learning Center and Math and Science Learning Center. Finite State Machine

Journals Scientist 9-2-10 International Immunology, Oncogene 4-27-10

Event NeuroScience 2010 11-13~17-10 "Where will your Pharm.D take you?" by AZO Busch Campus Ctr 122B 6:45pm Wed 9-16-09

Fall 2011

Mondays
10:20-11:40AM Cardiopulmonary Therapeutics HLL-114
1:55-2:50:PM Medicinal Chemistry I SEC-111
3:20-4:40PM Drug Info and Lit Evaluation HLL-114

Tuesdays
8:40-10:00AM Pharmaceutical Microbiology HLL-114
12:00-1:20PM Pharmacology I HLL-114

Wednesdays
10:35-11:30AM Pharmaceutical Microbiology PH-111
11:35-12:35PM Pharmacology I PH-111
1:55-2:50PM Medicinal Chemistry I SEC-111
3:20-4:40PM Drug Info and Lit Evaluation HLL-114

Thursdays
8:00-10:00AM Hospital Practice Management PH-111
10:20-11:40AM Cardiopulmonary Therapeutics HLL-114

Fridays
8:40-10:00AM Pharmaceutical Microbiology ARC-103
12:00-1:20PM Pharmacology I HLL-114
1:55-2:50PM Medicinal Chemistry I SEC-111

Spring 2011 Sakai, Confucius schedule, course schedule, campus bus schedule, SCC Schedule, Rutgers Event Schedule JACS ASAP BioChem Proteopedia

Mondays
8:40-10am Drug Delivery & Lab 30:721:320 Sec5 47580 HLL-114
10:20-11:40am Mol Biotechnology 30:158:315 Sec1 45450 ARC-103
12-1:20pm Intro Pharmacology 30:718:320 Sec1 49883 ARC-103
3:20-4:40pm Prin Pharm Economics 30:725:340 Sec1 45406 HLL-114

Tuesdays
12-1pm Intro Pharmacology 30:718:320 Sec1 49883 PH-111
5-6:20pm Pharmaceutical Chem 30:715:306 Sec1 45451 ARC-103

Wednesdays
8:55-9:50am Concpts Pharm Pract 30:725:329 Sec1 49972 HLL-114
10:35-11:30am Mol Biotechnology 30:158:315 Sec1 45450 PH-111
12-1:20pm Intro Pharmacology 30:718:320 Sec1 49883 ARC-103
3:20-4:40pm Prin Pharm Economics 30:725:340 Sec1 45406 HLL-114

Thursdays
8:40-10am Drug Delivery & Lab 30:721:320 Sec5 47580 HLL-114
10:20-11:40am Mol Biotechnology 30:158:315 Sec1 45450 ARC-103
5-6:20pm Pharmaceutical Chem 30:715:306 Sec1 45451 ARC-103

Fridays
10-12pm Intro to Research 30:720:301 Sec1 53509 ARC-206
3:20-4:40pm Drug Delivery & Lab 30:721:320 Sec5 47580 PH-215


Fall 2010

Monday
10:20-11:40am Intro Pharmaceutics 30:721:301 #1 02673 ARC-103
12-1:25pm Intro Pharm Care 30:725:320 #1 05939 ARC-103
1:40-3pm Pharm Pract Mngmnt 30:725:308 #1 05938 ARC-103

Tuesdays
8:40-10:00am PathoPhysiology 30:718:304 #1 10603 SEC-111
12:15-1:10pm History of Pharmacy 30:725:424 #1 06029 PH-111
5-6:20pm Intro Biochem & Mol Biology 01:694:301 #1 03333 HLL-114

Wednesdays
8:40-10am Intro Pharmaceutics 30:721:301 #1 02673 PH-215
1:40-3pm Pharm Pract Mngmnt 30:725:308 #1 05938 ARC-103

Thursdays
10:20-11:40am Intro Pharmacutics 30:721:301 #1 02673 ARC-103
12-1:25pm INTRO PHARM CARE 30:725:320 #1 05939 ARC-103
5-6:20pm INTRO BIOCHEM&MOLBIO 01:694:301 #1 03333 HLL-114

Fridays
8:40-10am PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 30:718:304 #1 10603 SEC-111
12:15-1:10pm HISTORY OF PHARMACY 30:725:424 #1 06029 PH-111
2-2:55pm INTRO PHARM CARE 30:725:320 #1 05939 ARC-103

Summer 2010 Second Session

Mon
10-11:45am Biochemistry ARC 103 Glycolysis ATP 8-2-10

FIRST SESSION (6/1 - 7/9)

Mon
10:10-12:05pm Econometrics (01:220:322) Sec B1 [81556] SC-202 College Ave The median borrower does not strategically default until equity falls to -62 percent of their home's value 9-7-10

Tue
10:10-12:05pm ECONOMETRICS (01:220:322) Sec B1 [81556] SC-202 College Ave
6-9:40pm ORG&PERSONNEL PSYCH (01:830:373) Sec B6 [82643] LCB-102 Livingston

Wed
10:10-12:05pm ECONOMETRICS (01:220:322) Sec B1 [81556] SC-202 College Ave

Thu
10:10-12:05pm ECONOMETRICS (01:220:322) Sec B1 [81556] SC-202 College Ave
6-9:40pm ORG&PERSONNEL PSYCH (01:830:373) Sec B6 [82643] LCB-102 Livingston

Third Session (7/12 - 8/18)
MONDAYS
6:00-9:40pm INFANT&CHILD DEVEL (01:830:331) SEC H6 [82257] LCB-103 LIVINGSTON

WEDNESDAYS
6:00-9:40pm INFANT&CHILD DEVEL (01:830:331) SEC H6 [82257] LCB-103 LIVINGSTON

Winter 2010

Mon
8:55-9:50am Organic Chemistry 01:160:308 Sec35 70802 ARC-103
1:10-2:30pm Intermed Micro Anals 01:220:320 Sec3 71791 MI-100
3:20-4:40pm Organic Chemistry 01:160:308 Sec35 70802 ARC-103

Tue
8:40-10:00am Neuropsychology 01:830:310 Sec2 75108 LSH-AUD
1:40-3:00pm Systems Physiology 01:146:356 Sec2 65538 ARC-103 Berkeley

Wed
9:50-11:10am Money & Banking 01:220:301 Sec7 69600 MI-100
1:10-2:30pm Intermed Micro Anals 01:220:320 Sec3 71791 MI-100
3:20-4:40pm Organic Chemistry 01:160:308 Sec35 70802 ARC-103
5:15-6:10pm Organic Chem Lab 01:160:311 Sec24 60152 HLL-114

Thu
8:00-12:20pm Organic Chem Lab 01:160:311 Sec24 60152 WL-331
1:40-3:00pm Systems Physiology 01:146:356 Sec2 65538 ARC-103

Fri
8:40-10:00am Neuropsychology 01:830:310 Sec2 75108 LSH-AUD
2:50-4:10pm Money & Banking 01:220:301 Sec7 69600 MI-100

Fall 2009

Mon
1:40-3pm Social Psychology HLL-114 01:830:321 Sec1 29624
3:20-4:40pm Orgnic Chemistry ARC-103 01:160:307 Sec35 31835

Tue
9:50-11:10am Intermed Macro Anals 01:220:321 Sec2 34067 CA-A4
10:30-11:50am General Chemistry 159 ARC 103
1:10-2:30pm Intro to Computer Science 111 MU 210
5-6:20pm Elements of Physics 01:750:161 Sec6 25853 PHY-LH

Wed
9:50-11:10am Basic Stat for Rsrch 01:960:401 Sec1 20565 VD-211
12:15-1:10pm Intro to Computer Science 111 SEC-202
1:40-3pm Social Psychology 01:830:321 Sec1 29624 HLL-114
3:20-4:40pm Organic Chemistry 01:160:307 Sec35 31835 ARC-103

Thu
8:55-9:50am Organic Chemistry 01:160:307 Sec 35 31835 ARC-103
10am-12pm General Chemistry 161 Office Hour Don Siegel ARC 332
12-3pm Elements of Physics 01:750:161 Sec 06 25853 SRN-232
1:10-2:30pm Intro to Computer Science 111 MU 210
2-5pm Organic Chemistry review Dr Pat O'Connor ARC 332
5-6:20pm Elements of Physics 01:750:161 Sec 06 25853 PHY-LH Paul Leath

Fri
9:50-11:10am Intermed Macro Anals 01:220:321 Sec 02 34067 CA-A4
10:30-11:50am General Chemistry 161 ARC 103
2:50-4:10pm Basic Stat for Rsrch 01:960:401 Sec 01 20565 VD-211



Winter 2008

MONDAYS

11:30 AM - 12:50 PM Intro To Microeconomics (01:220:102)Section 01[40217] SC-123 College Ave. Production Possibility Frontiers (PPFs)

1:55 PM - 2:50 PM General Chemistry (01:160:162)Section 07[40114] BE-AUD Livingston
3:20 PM - 4:40 PM RESRCH IN DISCIPLNS(01:355:201)Section K8[40258] LSH-A137 Livingston

7:30-9:30pm Rutgers Sinfornia

TUESDAYS

9:50 AM - 11:10 AM THE BYRNE SEMINARS(01:090:101)Section 39[51081]SC-202 College Ave 加嚴車輛廢氣排放標準 Academy of Sciences President lecture on Climate Change P1 P2 P3

1:10 PM - 2:30 PM INTRO TO MACROECON(01:220:103)Section 02[40218]SC-123 College Avenue

3:35 PM - 4:30 PM INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY(01:920:101)Section 19[40530] BE-AUD Livingston Born Rich 3-3-09

5:15 PM - 6:10 PM INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY(01:920:101)Section 19[40530] BE-201 Livingston

WEDNESDAYS
8:55 AM - 9:50 AM PHARM CONVOCATIONS(30:725:104)Section 02[46630] PH-111 Busch
12:15 PM - 1:10 PM GENERAL CHEMISTRY(01:160:162)Section 07[40114]BE-250Livingston
1:55 PM - 2:50 PM GENERAL CHEMISTRY(01:160:162)Section 07[40114]BE-AUDLivingston
3:20 PM - 4:40 PM RESRCH IN DISCIPLNS(01:355:201)Section K8[40258]LSH-A137Livingston

THURSDAYS
11:30 AM - 12:50 PM INTRO TO MICROECONOM(01:220:102)Section 01[40217]SC-123College Avenue
1:10 PM - 2:30 PM INTRO TO MACROECON(01:220:103)Section 02[40218]SC-123College Avenue
3:35 PM - 4:30 PM INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY(01:920:101)Section 19[40530]BE-AUDLivingston

FRIDAYS
1:55 PM - 2:50 PM GENERAL CHEMISTRY(01:160:162)Section 07[40114]BE-AUDLivingston

See Also 咸平 Richard Mccormick, Paul Krugman, Nouriel Roubini, Jim Rogers, Ron Paul, Rat dad's diet affects pups

Tuesday, January 6, 2009

Molecular Biology at Princeton University

Department of Molecular Biology at Princeton University has all the courses offered below with Office of the Registrar Timetable of Courses

Fall Semester

MOL 101 From DNA to Human Complexity. Bassler, Wieschaus, Thieringer Lecture and laboratory course will acquaint non-biology majors with the theory and practice of modern molecular biology, with a focus on biological topics of current public interest. 1-23-06

101A - This course allows students to take MOL 101 without the laboratory section, substituting a special precept and adding an additional writing requirement. The writing requirement would focus on the underlying science behind special topics in the news as well as their ethical and social ramifications.

101B - This lecture and laboratory course will acquaint non-biology majors with the theory and practice of modern molecular biology, with a focus on biological topics of current public interest. Topics include: structure of DNA, RNA, proteins, genomes and an overview of state-of-the-art technologies including cloning, recombinant DNA and PCR. The course will address how recent scientific advances impact issues relevant to human biology including understanding how genes control complex patterns of cell differentiation and the origins of mutations and inherited defects. 11-1-07

MOL 211 The Biology of Organisms (see EEB 211)
An introduction to the biology of organisms and populations.

MOL 215 Quantitative Principles in Cell and Molecular Biology (also EEB215) Cox, Felton

Central concepts and experiments in cellular, molecular, and developmental biology with an emphasis on underlying physical and engineering principles. Topics include the genetic code; energetics and cellular organization; communication, feeding, and signaling between cells; feedback loops and cellular organization; problems and solutions in development; the organization of large cellular systems, such as the nervous and immune systems.

Satisfies the biology requirement for entrance into medical school. Prerequisites: AP biology, physics, and calculus. Three lectures, one three-hour laboratory.

MOL 342 Genetics Gitai, Schupbach Prerequisite: MOL 214 or MOL 215 or permission of instructor. 5-6-08
Basic principles of genetics will be illustrated with examples from prokaryote and eukaryote organisms with emphasis on classic genetic techniques. The evolving conception of the gene and genome will be the primary focus of the course. Selected advanced topics will include Drosophila developmental genetics, yeast cell biology and human disease.

MOL 345 Biochemistry (also CHM 345), Flint, Rye
Prerequisites: MOL 2l4 or MOL 215 and CHM 301 or CHM 303 5-21-07

Survey course will examine the structures and functions of biological molecules (including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids), intermediary metabolism and its regulation, and mechanisms of gene expression.

MOL 355 Introduction to Biostatistics (see EEB 355)
An applied introduction to probability and statistical methods in biology.

MOL 408 Cellular and Systems Neuroscience (also PSY 404) Samuel S.-H. Wang. Prerequisites: MOL 214 or 215, PSY 258 and MAT 103, or instructor's permission. A basic familiarity with simple electrical circuits (as presented in PHY 104 or ELE 203) is expected. Survey of fundamental principles in neurobiology at the biophysical, cellular, and system levels. Lectures will address the basis of the action potential, synaptic transmission, sensory physiology and motor control, development of the central nervous system, synaptic plasticity, and disease states. A central theme will be the understanding of systems phenomena in terms of cellular mechanisms. 2-20-08

MOL 410 Introduction to Biological Dynamics Wingreen, Brody Prerequisites: MAT 103 or equivalent. Designed for students in the biological sciences, this course focuses on the application of mathematical methods to biological problems. Intended to provide a basic grounding in mathematical modeling and data analysis for students who might not have pursued further study in mathematics. Topics include differential equations, linear algebra, difference equations, and probability. Each topic will have a lecture component and computer laboratory component. Students will work extensively with the computing package Matlab. No previous computing experience necessary. Two 90-minute lectures, one laboratory. 5-21-07

MOL 420 Cellular Organization and Dynamics Schwarzbauer, Gitai Prerequisites: MOL 342, 345 and 348 or permission of instructor. The organization of intracellular components contributes to cell functionality. This course will focus on how intracellular components are organized, mechanisms of reorganization during various processes, and how changes in this organization impact cell behaviors. The dynamics of forming complex multicellular tissues will also be examined. Topics include spatial-temporal changes during cell growth and division, cell motility, polarity, shape changes, and cell differentiation using examples from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Analysis of techniques used to study cell architecture will be covered.

MOL 429 Selected Topics in Molecular Biology and Human Genetics
An in-depth analysis of one area in which recent advances in molecular biology will have significant impact upon society.

MOL 431 Advanced Topics in Developmental Neurobiology Eggenschwiler Prerequisites: MOL 342 or MOL 348 or permission from the instructor. Contemporary approaches to the study of neural development, emphasizing genetic and molecular techniques. Topics include generation, patterning, differentiation, migration and survival of neurons and glia, axon growth and guidance, target selection, synapse formation/elimination, activity-dependent remodeling of connectivity, and the relationship between neural development and behavior. Reading will be mainly from the primary literature with textbook reading provided for background. Classroom participation is required. 5-21-07

MOL 440 Genome Integrity and Human Disease
Seminar style course will focus on the basic science that provides the background for understanding diseases caused by defects in chromosome maintenance.

MOL 455 Introduction to Genomics and Computational Molecular Biology Mona Singh, Saeed Tavazoie Topics include computational approaches to sequence similarity and alignment, phylogenetic inference, gene expression analysis, structure prediction, comparative genome analysis, and high-throughput technologies for mapping genetic networks. In addition to regular homework exercises, students will be asked to design and carry out projects in groups of 3-4 students. MOL455/COS455 meets with the graduate course COS/MOL551. Undergraduate students will attend regular precepts in which relevant primary literature is critically discussed. In addition to presenting their projects in an oral presentation, students will describe their findings in a final paper formatted as a journal article. Undergraduates grades will be determined independently, and they will be based on homework assignments (60%), and the final project paper/presentation (40%).

MOL 457 Computational Aspects of Molecular Biology Welsh. Prerequisites: One 300 level course in Molecular Biology, Chemistry or Biochemistry. A discussion of the field of Bioinformatics, the application of computing to research in Molecular Biology. Topics include: nucleic acid and protein sequence analysis, secondary structure prediction, microarray analysis, sequence homology, the protein folding problem, molecular computers, Perl programming, and the use of the genetic databases.

MOL 459 Viruses: Strategy and Tactics Enquist Prerequisites: MOL 342 or MOL 348 or permission of Instructor. Viruses are unique parasites of living cells and may be the most abundant, highest evolved life forms on the planet. The general strategies encoded by all known viral genomes are discussed using selected viruses as examples. The first half of the course covers the molecular biology (the tactics) inherent in these strategies. The second half introduces the biology of engagement of viruses with host defenses, what happens when viral infection leads to disease, vaccines and antiviral drugs, and the evolution of infectious agents and emergence of new viruses. 5-21-07

MOL 460 Diseases in Children: Causes, Costs, and Choices (also STC 460) Notterman. Within a broader context of historical, social, and ethical concerns, a survey of normal childhood development and selected disorders from the perspectives of the physician and the scientist. Emphasis on the complex relationship between genetic and acquired causes of disease, medical practice, social conditions and cultural values. The course features visits from children with some of the conditions discussed, site visits, and readings from the original medical and scientific literature. 6-26-06

MOL 470 Advanced Topics in Genetic Analysis Lee Silver. A survey of contemporary research on complex genotype-phenotype correlations in human populations. Topics will include mammalian genome structure and evolution, intra-species variation, and molecular tools developed for modern gene discovery projects. The analytical approaches of formal linkage analysis and Whole Genome Association Studies will be explored through primary publications on various complex traits including bipolar disorder, diabetes, and cancer susceptibility. Other topics will include comparative analysis of hominoid genomes and experimental embryological techniques of gene targeting, chimeras, and artificial chromosomes.

MOL 475 Workshop on Biological Imaging Jason Puchalla. New optical imaging techniques are revolutionizing the study of living cells. In this course, students will construct research grade microscopes and use them both to demonstrate physical aspects of imaging and to explore the capability of the microscope as a tool for biological discovery. Toward the end of the course, students will design and implement at least one original experiment to answer a biological question of current interest. Students will also be introduced to cutting-edge commercial instruments used at the frontiers of cell biology, developmental biology, and neurobiology. 3-10-08

Spring Semester

MOL 205 Genes, Health and Society. Rosenberg. What should students know about their genes (and genomes)? Today, the field of Human Genetics is explored and debated like no other. To understand the medical applications and ethical implications of Human Genetics, one must grasp its scientific foundations. We will approach these topics using: lectures, textbook, journal and newspaper readings, precept discussions, and patient interviews. We will consider the following subjects: gene structure and function; the genetics and genomics of populations and of selected human disorders (cancer, mental illness, metabolic diseases); and clinical genetics (inheritance patterns, diagnosis, treatment).

MOL 210 Evolutionary Ecology (see EEB 210)
An introduction to the mechanisms and processes of population biology.

MOL 214 Introduction to Cellular and Molecular Biology. Thomas Shenk, Shirley M. Tilghman, Thieringer. Important concepts and elements of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, and cell biology, are examined in the context of classic experiments. During the last four weeks of the semester, the class will split into topic-based sections taught by different faculty members in the following areas: cell biology, biochemistry, genomics, neurobiology, microbiology, and development. Students will choose to concentrate in 2 of the 6 sections. This course is strongly recommended for students intending to major in the biological sciences and satisfies the biology requirement for entrance into medical school. 2-15-08

MOL 320 Human Genetics, Reproduction, and Public Policy (see WWS 320)
Advances in genetic and reproductive technologies

MOL328/WWS399 Medical Research and Researchers: Preeminence, Problems, Policies
How the U.S. copes with these challenges will influence the future of world health.

MOL340 Molecular and Cellular Immunology
A broad survey of the field of immunology and the mammalian immune system.

MOL 348 Cell and Developmental Biology
The mechanisms that underlie development of multicellular organisms, from C. elegans to humans, will be examined using biochemical, genetic and cell biological approaches.

MOL 350 Laboratory in Molecular Biology
The major objective of the course is to introduce students to a variety of tools required to conduct independent research in the field of molecular biology.

MOL 380A Modern Microbiology and Disease
This course examines the modern field of molecular biology through the lens of bacteria and parasites,
emphasizing the impact of microbes on everyday life.

MOL 380B Modern Microbiology and Disease
This course examines the modern field of molecular biology through the lens of bacteria and parasites, emphasizing the impact of microbes on everyday life.

MOL 422 Evolutionary Developmental Biology (see EEB 422)
Exploring how the genetic mechanisms that control development have evolved to generate the diversity of life on earth.

MOL425/WWS474 Infection: Biology, Burden, Policy
This course will examine fundamental determinants of human microbe interaction at the biological and ecological aspects.

MOL 427 Biotechnology and Its Social Impact (also WWS 427)
This course aims to create an awareness of the social consequences of basic and applied research in the life sciences.

MOL430 Power and Peril of Cycling Cells
This class will focus on two central issues in cell biology: cell cycle and cell death.

MOL 434 Macromolecular Structure and Mechanism in Disease
This course will examine structure-function relationships for a number of proteins involved in human diseases.

MOL 435 Pathogenesis and Bacterial Diversity
An examination of current topics exploring the microbial world with emphasis on signal transduction, and the molecular basis for bacterial diversity and their roles in bacterial pathogenesis.

MOL 437 Computational Neurobiology and Computing Networks
Introduction to the biophysics of nerve cells and synapses, and the mathematical descriptions of neurons and neural networks.

MOL 448 Chemistry, Structure, and Structure-Function Relations of Nucleic Acids
The chemistry and structure of mononucleotides, oligonucleotides, and polynucleotides and their helical complexes as a basis for understanding and predicting the structures and structure-function relations of naturally occurring DNAs and RNAs.

See Also Embryonic Stem Cells, Molecular Cell, Reprogramming Cells

The Scientist

The Scientist has a daily list of research articles that are very interesting.

See Also Of cells and wires, Neuroprosthetics and FES, Priority Setting at the NIH

Of Cells and Wires

The man skis down sharp inclines at tremendous speeds, sees wind frolic through a woman's hair as the French countryside passes outside of the car window, checks out a nurse's cleavage. These are the visions and memories of the protagonist in The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, a film by Julian Shnabel about a man with locked-in-syndrome whose vibrant mind can only control the movement of his left eye. The audience experiences locked-in syndrome through the thoughts of the witty and irreverent Jean-Dominique Bauby, the former journalist and editor of the fashion magazine Elle, as he learns to communicate, and in fact dictate a bestselling memoir, with only the blink of his eye. Bauby became "locked-in" in 1995 and died in 1997 from pneumonia, seven years before the first man with locked-in syndrome was implanted with an electrode that might one day allow him to control a voice synthesizer with his thoughts.

While eagerly awaited by people who cannot walk, neuroprosthetics such as implantable electrodes have also captured the imagination of those who fantasize about carrying out actions with their minds alone. Imagine walking into your classroom and turning on the lights, then flicking through your Powerpoint slides with a thought. For a brain neuroprosthetic to work, surgeons implant an electrode into brain tissue which records signals. "It's like sticking knives in the brain. They're just very little knives," says Robert Kirsch director of technology at the Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) Center in Cleveland, a consortium that researches electrical shock in stimulating the nervous system. Wires from the electrodes pass through the skull and a skullcap, transmitting the signals to devices such as a computer or electric limb outside the body which carry out the brain's command. For researchers working on developing neuroprosthetics, brain implants have always been the holy grail: the signal is cleaner and more precise, the connection is direct.

But the fantastic sci-fi world of controlling things with your thoughts alone—while becoming less and less of a fiction and more of a science—is still stumbling on the first step: recording a clean signal from the brain over an extended period.

"It's like sticking knives in the brain. They're just very little knives." —Robert Kirsch

To date, only seven people have received implanted electrodes in the brain; and the movements they can achieve remain rudimentary at best. For instance, one patient with locked-in syndrome who received the implanted electrode has learned to control his brain signals enough to emit three vowel sounds. While this is a great achievement in demonstrating the possibility of controlling language, vowel sounds are still a far cry from language. Other experiments have enabled paralyzed patients to move a cursor on a computer screen, as well as produce simple movements using a mechanical arm.

One issue that many in the field struggle with is that, while it's not difficult to record stimulation from individual neurons (neuroscientists have been voltage-clamping nerve cells since the 1940s), it is more difficult to do it continuously in vivo. Over a long period of time the signal from the implanted electrode degrades and the connection is lost. John Donoghue at Department of Neuroscience Brown University, whose implanted electrodes let quadriplegic patients move a computer cursor and robotic arm, says that he's recorded signals from patients for as much as 1,000 consecutive days. But for other researchers, between two weeks and a month is the longest time for continual electrode recording, and they still aren't entirely sure why.

Priority Setting at the NIH

Nearly 10 years after stepping down as director, Harold Varmus reflects on his life at the agency, and some of the delicate negotiations that often precede funding decisions. By Harold Varmus

Editor 's note : The following is an excerpt from Harold Varmus's upcoming memoir, The Art and Politics of Science, (Norton Books, Feb. 2009). In his book, Varmus recounts his days at the forefront of cancer research at the University of California, San Francisco, and shares his perspective from the trenches of politicized battlegrounds ranging from budget fights to stem cell research, global health to science publishing. Varmus served as the director of the National Institutes of Health director from 1993 to 1999, and is now president of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.

One of the most difficult aspects of the job of running the NIH, or of directing any individual institute, is the designation of research priorities. This is an emotionally and politically sensitive part of the job because it is closely watched by some of NIH's strongest supporters, who often advocate for the NIH because of a passionate interest in a small fraction of what the NIH does. That fraction is almost always a specific disease or even a subset or facet of that disease.

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